Animation Mermaid Animated Mermaid From Peter Pan

Animation Mermaid Animated Mermaid From Peter Pan

1953 animated fantasy-chance motion-picture show by Disney

Peter Pan
Original theatrical release poster
Directed by	Clyde Geronimi Wilfred Jackson Hamilton Luske
Story by	Milt Banta Bill Cottrell Winston Hibler Bill Peet Erdman Penner Joe Rinaldi Ted Sears Ralph Wright
Based on	Peter and Wendy past J. 1000. Barrie
Produced by	Walt Disney
Starring	Bobby Driscoll Kathryn Beaumont Hans Conried Paul Collins
Narrated past	Tom Conway
Music by	Oliver Wallace
Production company	Walt Disney Productions
Distributed by	RKO Radio Pictures
Release date	Feb five, 1953 (1953-02-05) (U.s.)[1]
Running fourth dimension	77 minutes
Land	United States
Language	English
Budget	$4 million[2]
Box function	$87.4 million (U.s.a. and Canada)[2]

Peter Pan is a 1953 American animated adventure fantasy film produced by Walt Disney Productions and based on the 1904 play Peter Pan, or The Boy Who Wouldn't Grow Upwards by J. M. Barrie. Directed by Clyde Geronimi, Hamilton Luske and Wilfred Jackson, it is the 14th Disney animated characteristic film. Starring the voices of Bobby Driscoll, Kathryn Beaumont, Hans Conried, Paul Collins, Heather Angel, and Pecker Thompson, the film's plot involves a grouping of kids who run into Peter Pan and travel to the island of Never Land to stay young, where Peter also attempts to evade Helm Hook.

The film was entered into the 1953 Cannes Pic Festival,^[3] and was originally released on February v, 1953 by RKO Radio Pictures. Peter Pan was the final Disney blithe feature released through RKO earlier Walt Disney founded his ain distribution company, as well as the terminal Disney film in which all nine members of Disney'southward 9 Old Men worked together as directing animators. A sequel titled Render to Never Land was released in 2002, and a series of direct-to-DVD prequels produced by Disneytoon Studios focusing on Tinker Bong began in 2008.

Plot

In London, England, circa 1900, George and Mary Darling's preparations to attend a party are disrupted by the antics of their boys, John and Michael, who are acting out a story about Peter Pan. Wendy, their elder sister, tells them stories of Peter Pan every night. George, who is fed up with the stories, declares that Wendy has gotten too old to proceed staying in the nursery with the boys. That dark, Wendy and the boys are visited in the nursery by Peter Pan himself, who teaches them to fly with the unwilling help of his pixie friend, Tinker Bell. He takes them with him to the island of Never Land.

A ship of pirates is anchored off Never Land, led by Helm Hook and his kickoff mate, Mr. Smee. Hook desires to accept revenge upon Peter Pan for cut off his hand, but fears the crocodile who consumed the paw, knowing it is eager to eat the rest of him. When Pan and the Darlings make it, Claw shoots at them with a cannon, and Peter sends the Darlings off to safety while he baits the pirates. Tinker Bell, who is jealous of Pan'southward attention to Wendy, persuades the Lost Boys that Pan has ordered them to shoot down Wendy. Tinker Bell's treachery is presently institute out, and Peter banishes her. John and Michael set off with the Lost Boys to find the island's Indians; even so, the Indians capture the group, believing them to be responsible for taking the primary's girl, Tiger Lily.

Meanwhile, Peter takes Wendy to run into the mermaids, who abscond in terror when Claw arrives on the scene. Peter and Wendy see that Claw and Smee accept captured Tiger Lily, to force her to disembalm Peter's hideout. Peter frees Tiger Lily and returns her to the Chief, and the tribe honors Peter. Meanwhile, Hook takes advantage of Tinker Bell'southward jealousy of Wendy, tricking the fairy into revealing Peter's underground hideout.

Wendy and her brothers eventually grow homesick and programme to return to London. They invite Peter and the Lost Boys to join them and be adopted past the Darlings. The Lost Boys agree, but Peter doesn't want to abound upwardly and refuses. The pirates prevarication in look, and capture the Lost Boys and the Darlings every bit they exit the lair, leaving backside a time bomb to kill Peter. Tinker Bell learns of the plot, but in time to snatch the bomb from Peter as it explodes.

Peter rescues Tinker Bell from the rubble, and together, they confront the pirates, releasing the children before they can walk the plank. Peter engages Hook in gainsay as the children fight off the crew. Peter defeats Hook, who falls into the water and swims abroad over the horizon, pursued past the Crocodile. Peter commandeers the deserted transport and, assisted past Tinker Bell's pixie dust, flies information technology to London with the children aboard. However, the Lost Boys decide to return to Never Country with Peter rather than be adopted in London.

George and Mary Darling return home from the party, and observe Wendy sleeping at the nursery's open window. Wendy awakens and excitedly tells nigh their adventures. The parents look out the window and see what appears to be a pirate send in the clouds. George, who has softened his position near Wendy staying in the nursery, recognizes the transport from his ain babyhood.

Bandage and characters

• Bobby Driscoll every bit Peter Pan, the boy who never grows up. Like Tinker Bell, Peter can be very hot-headed. He is too commanding, only very brave. Peter can exist quite mean at times (for instance, laughing at Wendy every bit the mermaids nastily tease her). Despite this, he is caring, specially when it comes to Tinker Bell's safety. He finds enjoyment in fighting Helm Claw and was responsible for the loss of Claw's left hand. He was modeled by Roland Dupree.
• Tinker Bell: a hot-headed pixie/fairy and Peter Pan'due south closest friend. She is very envious of the relationship formed between Wendy and Peter, having Wendy nearly stoned to decease and somewhen even telling Captain Claw of Pan'southward hideout after being tricked into thinking Claw'south intention is to capture Wendy and non Peter. When she realizes what she has done, she tries to warn Peter of a flop that Hook has left for him that is addressed equally if from Wendy and in the form of a present. But Peter volition not hear of it, and she manages to push the flop abroad from him at the very moment it explodes, thus saving Peter'due south life while almost costing her own. When Peter searches for her desperately in the ashes, she reflects a modify of mental attitude toward Wendy and the boys, telling Peter he must rescue them first from Captain Claw's ship. Withal, Peter says that he cannot leave her and tells her how much he loves her. Toward the end, Tinker Bell helps the Darling children return home by sprinkling pixie dust all across the pirate ship that Peter Pan has simply inherited, which is renamed Captain Pan. Although Tinker Bell never speaks, the animators used Margaret Kerry as a model to help them depict her movements.
• Kathryn Beaumont every bit Wendy Darling, at 12 years erstwhile the eldest of the Darling children, who adores Peter Pan. Her moody father forces her to movement out of the nursery and then that she may mature. She is a very feminine graphic symbol, with somewhat motherly intendance for others. She reminds the Lost Boys of their ain mothers. She is the showtime of the Darling children to enquire to return home. She has a soft spot for Peter and envies the attending he pays Tiger Lily, and she has reason to dislike Tinker Bell (who calls her a "big ugly girl" out of explicit jealousy) but considers her lovely. She has a very tame personality, wanting the all-time for anybody and grudging no one; even when the mermaids tease her nastily, she worries nearly the danger of their teasing more than their nastiness itself. She is naive, wise, and mature, and very trusting and faithful to her standards of conscience.
• Paul Collins equally John Darling, the older of the two Darling boys. He acts very sophisticated and mature for a boy eight years old. He is an analytical thinker and skilled strategist, particularly when he takes leadership over the Lost Boys while capturing Indians and fighting the pirates. He wears large, blackness spectacles and is tall and slim. All the Darling children wear their nightgowns to Never Country, merely he also takes a black top hat and an umbrella with him, showing exaggerated maturity.
• Tommy Luske equally Michael Darling, the youngest of the three Darling children, who is about four years old. He carries a teddy conduct and is very sensitive. He is clumsy, yet very playful.
• Heather Angel equally Mary Darling, the Darling children's female parent. She is much calmer and more understanding of her daughter's stories than her husband, fifty-fifty though she takes them with a pinch of salt, saying Peter Pan is "the spirit of youth." When her husband is overwhelmed with frustration at the children, she tries to soothe him, and later on on assures the children that their father does non really hateful what he says when he is angry, and that he truly loves them very much, which is true. She is a wise, lovely woman, and kind at center.
• Nana: the Darlings' nursemaid, a St. Bernard dog (originally a Newfoundland dog). She is an unnatural domestic dog, taking care of the Darling children and cleaning upwardly after their continuous messes. She is very efficient at her work, and possesses much tolerance for the messes. She is the family's favorite pet, so much and so that separating her from the children for i night was considered a keen punishment. She simply barks and is musically represented by the bassoon.
• Hans Conried as Helm Hook, a pirate helm who seeks revenge on Pan for having his left hand chopped off and fed to the Crocodile in a battle. He is a dangerous villain, though completely dependent on his personal assistant, Mr. Smee, and also very childish in his fear of the crocodile.
  • In keeping the tradition of the stage play, Conried also voices George Darling, the Darling children'due south father. He is a very moody and dramatic figure. In the kickoff of the picture, he is called "a practical homo". He is frustrated by Wendy telling the boys imaginary tales about Peter Pan (himself already easily irritated and easy to enrage with the mere mention of Peter), and in a moment of frustration he demands that Wendy move out of the boys' room, saying she "has to abound up." All the same, in a calmer moment at the finish of the motion-picture show, he changes his listen about Wendy'south stories. He later remarks having seen a pirate send such equally Peter Pan'due south when he was very young himself. In contrast to his moody outbursts, he is gentle at heart; when he punishes the children past taking Nana the canis familiaris outside, he feels sad for her and comforts her.
• Pecker Thompson as Mr. Smee, Hook's showtime mate and personal assistant. As the comic relief in the story, Mr. Smee is bossed effectually by Claw. The frustrated and bored crewmen (too voiced past Thompson, and several of whom are seen only in one scene in the movie) tease him into trying to convince Claw to give up the search for Peter Pan.
• The Crocodile: A crocodile who swallowed an alarm clock and is later on the remains of Claw. Pan had cut off Hook's mitt and thrown it to the Crocodile, causing information technology to acquire a gustatory modality for Hook and thus follow him always since. Its grapheme was after known as Tick-Tock the Croc.
• The Lost Boys: Pan's right-paw boys, dressed as various animals. Their names are Slightly (play tricks costume; voiced past Stuffy Singer), Cubby (bear costume; voiced by Robert Ellis), Nibs (rabbit costume; voiced past Jeffrey Silvery), Tootles (skunk costume; never speaks) and the Twins (raccoon costumes; voiced by Johnny McGovern). Their origin remains a mystery in the movie, specially since they claim to have in one case had mothers of their own. They are very barbarous boys who get into fights easily with each other, but when they accept a common goal to reach, they deed as one. Tony Butala provides their singing voices.
• June Foray, Connie Hilton, Karen Kester, and Margaret Kerry equally the mermaids, who are Peter's friends and are very interested in his heroic stories of himself. They are resentful of Wendy and try to drown her, although Peter insists they "are only having fun." They are frightened abroad when Captain Hook is rowing nearby. The mermaids appear to exist in their mid-teens, with very womanly exposed bodies, resembling women in ii-part bathing suits.
• Tiger Lily is the Indian chief'southward beautiful girl, who like most women on the island is attracted to Peter. She does not speak relieve to call for help and her vox is uncredited.
• Candy Candido as the Main of the Indians. Despite his fierce await, he is a kind and well-meaning leader. Patently, he has fought the Lost Boys before, having noted that both his people and the Lost Boys have won and lost several times in combat.
• June Foray equally the Indian Squaw. She only appears twice in ane scene, each time ordering Wendy to get firewood while everyone else celebrates Peter Pan's honor from the tribe, calling her "Squaw".
• Tom Conway as the narrator, whose voice is heard but at the beginning of the film.
• The Mellomen (Thurl Ravenscroft, Bill Lee, Bob Stevens and Max Smith) as the pirate chorus and the Indians.

Product

In 1935, Walt Disney expressed interest in doing an accommodation of Peter Pan as his 2nd motion picture following Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs.^[4] However, the alive-activeness pic rights were held by Paramount Pictures. The copyright owner, the Hospital for Sick Children in London, unsuccessfully offered to accept Disney make an agreement with Paramount. Nonetheless, in January 1939, Disney obtained the animation rights to the play by outbidding Fleischer Studios, which was also developing blithe feature films.^{[5] [6]} Past early 1939, a story reel had been completed,^[7] and by the following May, Disney had several animators in mind for the characters. Vladimir Tytla was considered for the pirates, Norman Ferguson for the dog, Nana (who also blithe Pluto) and Fred Moore for Tinker Bell.^[8]

During this fourth dimension, Disney explored many possible interpretations of the story. In the earliest version, the film would start by telling Peter Pan's backstory. Simply during a story coming together on May 20, 1940, Disney said, "We ought to become right into the story itself, where Peter Pan comes to the business firm to get his shadow. That'southward where the story picks upwards. How Peter came to be is really another story."^[4] Disney besides explored the idea of opening the film in Never Land with Peter Pan coming to Wendy's house to kidnap her as a mother for the Lost Boys. Eventually, Disney decided that the kidnapping plot was too dark, and he went back to Barrie'due south original play in which Peter comes to get his shadow and Wendy is eager to run across Never Land.^[4]

Following the bombing of Pearl Harbor on Dec 7, 1941, the United States war machine took command of the studio and commissioned Walt Disney Productions to produce training and war propaganda films, so pre-production work on Peter Pan and Alice in Wonderland was shelved.^[nine] However, the Bank of America allowed production to go along during the war.^[7] After the state of war, work on the movie resumed with Jack Kinney as director. At the time, Kinney had considered leaving Walt Disney Productions for the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer cartoon studio, but wartime restrictions prevented it. Because he did not want Kinney to leave of his contract, Disney appointed Kinney to direct Peter Pan.^[10]

During this same time, Disney talked to Mary Martin, who was appearing in a stage production of the play, virtually voicing Peter Pan, although Roy O. Disney complained that her voice was "likewise heavy, matured, and sophisticated." Jean Arthur contacted Walt about being considered for the role. Disney had also talked to Cary Grant most voicing Captain Claw, a possibility to which Grant replied that the "thought intrigued him."^[7] Impatient with the delays, Disney asked Kinney to work on sequences consecutively rather than finishing the entire script before it was storyboarded, so that a scene would be approved at a morning time story meeting and then immediately put into evolution. Six months later, during a storyboard coming together, Kinney presented a ii-and-a-half-hour presentation, during which Disney sat silently and so stated, "You know, I've been thinking about Cinderella."^[11]

By 1947, Walt Disney Productions' financial health started to improve again.^[12] Around this time, Walt Disney acknowledged the demand for sound economic policies, but emphasized to his financial backers that slashing production would be suicidal. In order to restore the studio to full financial health, Disney expressed his desire to return to producing total-length animated films. By then, three blithe projects—Cinderella, Alice in Wonderland, and Peter Pan—were in development. Disney felt the characters in Alice in Wonderland and Peter Pan were too cold, but as Cinderella contained elements like to those in Snow White, he decided to greenish-light Cinderella.^[13] In May 1949, Multifariousness reported that Peter Pan had been placed dorsum into product.^[14]

The scene in the nursery went through many alterations. In one version, it is Mrs. Darling who finds Peter Pan's shadow and shows it to Mr. Darling, as in the original play. In another version of the film, Nana goes to Never Land with Pan and the Darling children, the story existence told through her eyes. In another interpretation of the story, John Darling is left behind for being too serious, applied and boring, but story artist Ralph Wright convinced Disney to take John become with the others to Never Land. This accommodation as well included Wendy bringing her Peter Pan flick book and Peter and the children eating an "imaginary dinner".^[4] At one indicate, a party in Peter'southward hideout was conceived at which Tinker Bell becomes humiliated and, in her rage, tells Captain Hook the location of Peter Pan'south hideout of her ain free will. Withal, Disney felt that this story was contrary to Tinker Bell's character; instead, he had Captain Hook kidnapping Tinker Bell and persuading her to tell him. In Barrie'south play, Captain Claw puts poison in Peter's dose of medicine and Tinker Bell saves Peter by drinking the poison herself, only to exist revived past the adulation of the theater audience. Afterwards much debate, Disney discarded this story development, fearing it would be hard to achieve in a film.^[4]

In before scripts, there were more scenes involving the pirates and mermaids that were similar to those with the dwarfs in Snow White and the Vii Dwarfs. Ultimately, these scenes were cut for pacing reasons. The moving picture concept was also a bit darker at one point than that of the finished product; for instance, in that location were scenes involving Captain Hook being killed by the crocodile, the Darling family mourning over their lost children and Pan and the children discovering the pirates' treasure loaded with booby traps.^[4]

Animation

Live-action reference

As with previous Disney animated features, a alive-activity version was filmed to serve as an aid to animators with the actors performing to a prerecorded dialogue track. Margaret Kerry received a phone call to audition to serve equally the alive-action reference for Tinker Bell.^[16] For the live-activity reference, Kerry said she had to hold out her arms and pretend to fly for all the scenes requiring it.^[6] Additionally, Kerry served as reference for one of the mermaids forth with Connie Hilton and June Foray.^{[17] [ cocky-published source ]} At the same fourth dimension, the studio was looking for an histrion to portray Peter Pan, for which Kerry suggested her dancing instructor Roland Dupree. He was interviewed and eventually won the part,^[xviii] providing a reference for the flying and action sequences. Bobby Driscoll also served equally the live-action reference model for Peter Pan, although he was mainly used for the shut-up scenes. Hans Conried completed the voice work over the class of a few days, and served every bit the live-activeness reference for two and a half years.^[xix] He later did the aforementioned kind of matter as the live action reference for Princess Aurora'due south father, King Stefan, in Sleeping Beauty, although he did not become the chance in voicing Stefan as Taylor Holmes was given the task instead. In addition to being the voice role and model for Alice in Alice in Wonderland, Kathryn Beaumont, who was also the voice of Wendy, also performed for the live-activeness reference footage for Wendy.^[6]

Character animation

Milt Kahl wanted to animate Captain Hook but was instead assigned to animate Peter Pan and the Darling children; he claimed he was "outmaneuvered".^[20] During production, while animating Peter Pan, Kahl claimed that the hardest thing to animate was a character floating in mid-air.^[6] While observing the blitheness of Peter Pan, Walt Disney complained that the animators had allow likewise many of Bobby Driscoll'southward facial features discover their mode into the grapheme pattern, telling Kahl that "[t]hey are too masculine, as well old. There is something wrong there." Kahl replied, "Y'all want to know what'due south wrong!?...What'southward wrong is that they don't have any talent in the place."^[11]

The job of animative Helm Hook was assigned to Frank Thomas, who faced conflicting visions of the grapheme. Story artist Ed Penner viewed Hook as "a very foppish, not potent, neat-blazon, who loved all the finery. Kind of a con man. [Co-director Gerry] Geronimi saw him equally an Ernest Torrence: a mean, heavy sort of grapheme who used his hook menacingly." When Walt Disney saw Thomas' starting time examination scenes, he said, "Well, that concluding scene has something I like I think you're get-go to get him. I think we improve wait and let Frank proceed a little further."^{[21] [22]} Because Thomas could non animate every scene of Hook, sure sequences were given to Wolfgang Reitherman, such as that showing Hook trying to escape Tick-Tock the crocodile.^[23]

Ollie Johnston blithe Mr. Smee. To best capture his comedic yet fear-ridden, sycophantic personality, Johnston used a variation of the Dwarf design from Snow White, and had Mr. Smee glimmer repeatedly. Johnston's former mentor, Fred Moore, worked in his unit as a character animator for Smee'south pocket-sized scenes. Moore also animated the mermaids and the Lost Boys. On November 22, 1952, Moore and his wife were involved in an automobile accident on Mount Gleason Bulldoze in Los Angeles. Moore died of a cerebral concussion the following twenty-four hour period at St. Joseph's Hospital, across from the Disney studios.^[24]

Music

Frank Churchill wrote several songs for the motion-picture show during the early 1940s, and Charles Walcott wrote additional songs in 1941. When work on Peter Pan resumed in 1944, Eliot Daniel composed songs for the film. Withal, this version of Peter Pan was shelved so the studio could complete Cinderella.^[25] In Apr 1950, it was reported that Sammy Cahn and Sammy Fain were composing songs for Peter Pan.^[26] The incidental music score for the movie is equanimous by Oliver Wallace.

Songs

The melody for "The Second Star to the Right" was originally written for Alice in Wonderland equally role of a song to be entitled "Beyond the Laughing Heaven".^[27] Some Disneyland-issued compilations give the championship every bit "Second Star to the Right" (no "The"); meet, for case, 50 Happy Years of Disney Favorites (Disneyland Records, STER-3513, Side II). "What Made the Red Man Red?" became controversial because of its racist stereotypes of Native Americans.^[28] "Never Grinning at a Crocodile" was cut from the picture show soundtrack, merely was included for the 1997 Walt Disney Records CD release.^[29] The song, with lyrics, likewise appears in the Sing-Along Songs video serial and the corresponding Canta Con Nosotros title, where it is titled "Al reptil no hay que sonreír."

Original songs performed in the film include:

No.	Title	Lyrics	Music	Performer(south)	Length
1.	"The Second Star to the Right"	Sammy Cahn	Sammy Fain	The Jud Conlon Chorus & The Mellomen
2.	"You lot Can Fly!"	Sammy Cahn	Sammy Fain	The Jud Conlon Chorus & The Mellomen
iii.	"A Pirate'southward Life"	Erdman Penner	Oliver Wallace	The Mellomen
4.	"Following the Leader"	Ted Sears & Winston Hibler	Oliver Wallace	Paul Collins, Tommy Luske & Cast
5.	"What Made the Cherry Man Red?"	Sammy Cahn	Sammy Fain	Candy Candido & The Mellomen
6.	"Your Female parent and Mine"	Sammy Cahn	Sammy Fain	Kathryn Beaumont
vii.	"The Elegant Captain Hook"	Sammy Cahn	Sammy Fain	Hans Conried, Bill Thompson & The Mellomen
viii.	"You Can Fly! (Reprise)"	Sammy Cahn	Sammy Fain	The Jud Conlon Chorus & The Mellomen
9.	"Never Smile at a Crocodile"	Jack Lawrence	Frank Churchill

Music releases

• The 1997 soundtrack release contains the bonus tracks "Never Grin at a Crocodile" (with lyrics) and an early on demo recording of "The Boatswain's Song."

Release

Original theatrical run and re-releases

Peter Pan was commencement released in theaters on February v, 1953. During the film'due south initial theatrical run, Peter Pan was released equally a double feature with the True-Life Adventures documentary brusque, Bear Country.^[30] It was then re-released theatrically in 1958, 1969, 1976, 1982 and 1989.^[31] The motion-picture show too had a special limited re-release at the Philadelphia Film Festival in 2003. Information technology likewise played a limited appointment in select Cinemark Theatres from February 16–18, 2013.^[32]

Home media

Peter Pan was first released on North American VHS, LaserDisc and Betamax in 1990 and UK VHS in 1993. A THX 45th anniversary limited edition of the flick was released on March 3, 1998, as part of the Walt Disney Masterpiece Collection. Peter Pan was released on DVD on November 23, 1999 every bit a part of the Walt Disney Limited Issues series for a limited 60-twenty-four hours fourth dimension period before going into moratorium.^[33] Peter Pan was re-released as a special-edition VHS and DVD release in 2002 to promote the sequel Return to Never Land. The DVD was accompanied with special features including a making-of documentary, a sing-along, a storybook and a still-frame gallery of production artwork.^[34]

Disney released a 2-disc "Platinum Edition" DVD of the film on March 6, 2007. A Blu-ray "Diamond Edition" was released on February 5, 2013 to celebrate the picture show's 60th ceremony.^{[35] [36]} A DVD and digital copy of the "Diamond Edition" was also released on August 20, 2013.^[37] Peter Pan was re-released in digital HD format on May 29, 2018 and on Blu-ray on June 5, 2018, as office of the Walt Disney Signature Collection line, to celebrate the film's 65th anniversary.^[38]

Reception

Box office

During its initial theatrical run, Peter Pan grossed $six million in distributor rentals from the United States and Canada.^[39] The movie has earned a lifetime domestic gross of $87.4 million.^[2] Adjusted for aggrandizement, and incorporating subsequent releases, the pic has had a lifetime gross of $427.v million.^[xl]

Critical reaction

Bosley Crowther of The New York Times criticized the film's lack of faithfulness to the original play, claiming it "has the story only not the spirit of Peter Pan as it was patently conceived by its author and is commonly played on the phase." Nonetheless, he praised the colors are "more than exciting and the technical features of the job, such as the synchronization of voices with the blitheness of lips, are very good."^[41] However, Time gave the film a highly favorable review, making no reference to the changes from the original play.^[42] Mae Tinee of The Chicago Tribune wrote "The backgrounds are delightfully picturesque, the music only and then-and then. The film is designed for broad effect, with the emphasis of comedy. I'grand sure the youngsters who grow up with cartoons will be right at dwelling house with all the characters."^[43] Diverseness described the film as a "feature cartoon of enchanting quality. The music score is fine, highlighting the constant buzz of action and comedy, only the songs are less impressive than usually encountered in such a Disney presentation."^[44] Harrison's Reports felt the film was "some other Walt Disney masterpiece. It should testify a delight, non simply to children, but besides to every adult. The animation is and so good that the characters announced almost natural."^[45]

Gimmicky reviews remain positive. Giving the moving picture 3+ 1⁄two stars out of iv, Gene Siskel of the Chicago Tribune noted the "drawing of Tinkerbelle [sic] and the flamboyance of Helm Hook" as well every bit the "quality music mixed with appropriate animation" were the film's major highlights.^[46] Michael Jackson cited Peter Pan as his favorite picture show, and from it he derived the name of his estate, Neverland Ranch, in Santa Barbara, California, where he had a private amusement park. Ronald D. Moore, 1 of the executive producers of the re-imagined Battlestar Galactica, has cited this flick as the inspiration for the series' theme of the cyclical nature of time, using the film's opening line, "All of this has happened earlier and it will all happen again," as a key tenet of the civilisation's scripture. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported the film received an approval rating of 78% based on 37 reviews, with an boilerplate score of 7.00/10. The website'due south critical consensus reads, "Though it doesn't delve deeply into the darkness of J.M. Barrie's tale, Peter Pan is a heartwarming, exuberant picture with some great tunes."^[47]

Controversy

Peter Pan has been criticized in recent decades for its broadly stereotypical treatment of the Indians. In the vocal "What Made the Red Man Ruby-red?", the Native Americans are called "Injuns" and their skin color is attributed to blushing considering of existence kissed past women. Marc Davis, one of the supervising animators of the film, said in an interview years after the product that "I'm not sure nosotros would have done the Indians if we were making this movie now. And if we had nosotros wouldn't do them the way we did back so."^[48] The Native Americans were not included in the 2002 sequel Return to Never State, but they were included in a tie-in video game. In 2021, the motion picture was one of several that Disney limited to viewers seven years and older on their streaming service Disney+, citing depictions of Native American characters that were "stereotypical" and not "authentic", and references to them equally "redskins".^[49]

Legacy

Disney Fairies

Disney Fairies is a series of children's books published past Random House, which features Tinker Bong and her friends. Information technology also has a film serial starting in 2008 with the cocky-titled film about Tinker Bong.

Theme parks

Peter Pan'due south Flight is a pop ride found at Disneyland,^[50] Walt Disney World,^[51] Tokyo Disneyland,^[52] Disneyland Paris,^[53] and Shanghai Disneyland.^[54] Peter Pan, Wendy, Captain Hook and Mr. Smee make appearances in the parades, as well every bit greetings throughout the theme parks.

• Peter Pan, Wendy, Helm Hook, Mr. Smee, and the Pirates were featured in a scene during Disneyland'due south original version of Fantasmic! from 1992–2016.

Ice shows

• Disney on Water ice began its touring production of Peter Pan in Fall 1989. The production went on to tour nationally & internationally, from 1989 – 1993. The production featured a pre-recorded soundtrack with all the film's songs and character voices.
• A shortened version of the story is presented in the current Disney on Ice production Mickey & Minnie'due south Astonishing Journey. The testify began in Fall 2003 & is currently on tour nationally. It features the songs "You Can Wing!", "Following the Leader", "Your Female parent and Mine", "A Pirate's Life", "The Elegant Captain Hook" & "The Second Star to the Correct".

Video games

Peter Pan: Adventures in Never Land

Neverland is a playable world in both Kingdom Hearts and Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories, with Tinker Bell appearing as a summon. Peter Pan appears every bit a summon in the sequel, Kingdom Hearts II.^[55] Neverland likewise appears every bit a playable world in Kingdom Hearts 358/two Days and returns as a playable earth in Kingdom Hearts Birth by Sleep.

Board game

Walt Disney's Peter Pan: A Game of Adventure (1953) is a Transogram Company Inc. track board game based upon the film. The game was one of many toys that exploited the popularity of Walt Disney's post-World War II movies.^[56] The object of the game is to be the offset histrion to travel from the Darlings' house to Neverland and dorsum to the Darlings' business firm.

Play begins at the Darlings' firm in the upper left mitt corner of the game board. Each player moves, in turn, the number of spaces forth the rails indicated by his spin of the dial. When a thespian reaches the Never Isle, he selects a character from the film (Peter, Wendy, Michael, or John) and receives the instruction card for that character. The player follows his chosen grapheme'southward track on the board, obeying instructions upon the character's card. The player is also obligated to follow any instructions on those spaces he lands upon after spinning the dial during the course of his plow at play. The showtime player who travels from Never Land to Skull Rock and along the Stardust Trail to Captain Hook'southward ship, and returns to the Darlings' house is declared the winner.

The board game makes an appearance in the 1968 version of Yours, Mine and Ours as a Christmas present.

Musical

Disney's Peter Pan Jr is a one-hour children's musical based on the Disney Peter Pan movie with some updated material. It became bachelor for school and children's theatre productions in 2013 after several airplane pilot productions.^[57]

Sequels

This was Disney's beginning Peter Pan film. In the early 2000s, a Peter Pan franchise was spawned, involving a number of other animated releases. The franchise also included:

• Peter Pan: Return to Never Country: Released theatrically in 2002, and a direct-sequel to Peter Pan.
• The Tinker Bell film series: A spin-off and prequel to the Peter Pan films. Disneytoon Studios produced a number of Tinker Bell films, including six feature-length directly-to-domicile video films, and two shorts.
• The television series Jake and the Never Land Pirates includes Hook and Smee as primary characters, and is set in Never Land, years after the events of the characteristic films.

Live-action adaptation

In April 2016, following the individual fiscal and disquisitional successes of Maleficent, Cinderella, and The Jungle Book, a number of live-action adaptations of Walt Disney Pictures' classic animated films were announced to be in evolution. The Walt Disney Company announced that a alive action Peter Pan film was in development, with David Lowery serving every bit manager, with a script he co-wrote with Toby Halbrooks.^[58] In July 2018, it was reported that the characteristic length film would be released exclusively on the company's streaming service, Disney+.^{[ citation needed ]} It has since been said that the film may instead go a theatrical release.^[59]

In January 2020, casting was underway while the pic was retitled Peter Pan and Wendy. Joe Roth and Jim Whitaker will serve equally producers. Chief photography was scheduled to commence on Apr 17, 2020, in Canada and in London, Uk.^{[sixty] [61]} By March, Alexander Molony and Ever Anderson were cast every bit Peter Pan and Wendy, respectively.^[59] Afterwards that month yet, filming on all Disney projects were halted due to the COVID-19 pandemic and industry restrictions worldwide.^[62] In July 2020, Jude Law entered early on negotiations to portray Captain Hook, and was officially cast two months later.^{[63] [64]} Joaquin Phoenix, Adam Driver, and Will Smith were all previously on the short-listing of actors existence considered for the role, though each of them ultimately passed on the opportunity.^[65] In September 2020, Yara Shahidi was bandage as Tinker Bong.^[66] In October 2020, Alyssa Wapanatâhk was cast in the part of Tiger Lily.^[67] In January 2021, Jim Gaffigan joined the film's cast equally Mr. Smee.^[68] On March 16, 2021, the same twenty-four hours that primary photography officially began, Alan Tudyk, Molly Parker, Joshua Pickering, and Jacobi Jupe were announced to play Mr. Darling, Mrs. Darling, John Darling, and Michael Darling, respectively.^[69]

In December 2020, information technology was announced that the film would be debuting on Disney+.^[70] Filming began on March 16, 2021 in Vancouver, Canada, and was expected to wrap on June 30, 2021.^{[ citation needed ]} Additional filming took place on the Bonavista Peninsula of Newfoundland and Labrador, in August 2021.^{[71] [72]} Peter Pan & Wendy is scheduled to be released on Disney+ in 2022.^[73]

See also

• List of animated feature films
• 2d weekend in box office performance § 2d-weekend increment

References

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2. ^ ^{a b c} "Peter Pan". Box Office Mojo . Retrieved January 5, 2012.
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4. ^ ^{a b c d east f} The Peter Pan That Almost Was (DVD bonus feature). Walt Disney Dwelling house Amusement. 2007.
5. ^ Gabler 2006, p. 183.
6. ^ ^{a b c d} You Tin Fly: The Making of Peter Pan (DVD bonus feature). Walt Disney Home Entertainment. 2007.
7. ^ ^{a b c} Gabler 2006, p. 490.
8. ^ Barrier 2008, p. 230.
9. ^ Thomas 1994, p. 175–77.
10. ^ Jack Kinney and Jane Kinney (February 11, 2016). "Interviews: Jack Kinney and Jane Kinney (1976)" (Interview). Interviewed by Michael Barrier and Milton Grey. MichaelBarrier.com. Retrieved August 25, 2017.
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12. ^ Barrier 2008, p. 205.
13. ^ Thomas 1994, p. 209.
14. ^ "'Pan' First Gives Disney Record half dozen Features Lensing". Diverseness. May xi, 1949. p. five. Retrieved November 12, 2020 – via Internet Archive.
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18. ^ Gargiulo, Suzanne (2002). "Peter Pan, The Twonky, and Dr. T.". Hans Conried: A Biography; With a Filmography and a Listing of Radio, Television set, Stage and Voice Work. McFarland & Company. p. 78. ISBN978-0786413386 – via Google Books.
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21. ^ Canemaker 2001, p. 190.
22. ^ Canemaker 2001, p. 45–6.
23. ^ Canemaker 2001, p. 225–6.
24. ^ Bohn, James (2017). Music In Disney'southward Blithe Features: Snow White and the Vii Dwarfs to The Jungle Book. University Press of Mississippi. ISBN978-1496812148.
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27. ^ Wainer, Alex. "Reversal of Roles: Subversion and Reaffirmation of Racial Stereotypes in Dumbo and The Jungle Volume". Regent University. Archived from the original on July 28, 1997. Retrieved February x, 2012.
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33. ^ King, Susan (February 15, 2002). "Original 'Peter Pan' Is Flying High in a Remastered Edition". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved Baronial 25, 2017.
34. ^ "Review: "Peter Pan" Diamond Edition Blu-ray soars with outstanding "9 Old Men" bonus characteristic, gorgeous digital restoration". Celebrating its 60th anniversary, Disney has released the timeless classic animated film Peter Pan onto Blu-ray for the first fourth dimension with an impressive trip to Neverland given "Diamond Edition" handling.
35. ^ "Peter Pan Blu-ray Review". Pardon the nostalgic digression, just Walt Disney'southward fourteenth animated feature, at present celebrating its 60th anniversary, has the expect and whimsy of a much younger production.
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40. ^ Crowther, Bosley (February 12, 1953). "The Screen in Review: Disney's 'Peter Pan' Bows". The New York Times. p. 23. Retrieved August 25, 2017.
41. ^ "Cinema: The New Pictures". Time. Vol. 61, no. 5. February two, 1953. p. 78. Retrieved May 22, 2010.
42. ^ Tinee, Mae (March 1, 1953). "4 Tiptop Course Movies Open in February". Chicago Tribune. Department 2, p. iii. Retrieved November 13, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
43. ^ "Film Reviews: Peter Pan". Variety. January 14, 1953. p. 6. Retrieved August 25, 2017 – via Internet Annal.
44. ^ "Peter Pan". Harrison's Reports. January 17, 1953. p. 10. Retrieved March 10, 2020 – via Internet Archive.
45. ^ Siskel, Gene (July 17, 1989). "Bright Dialogue Sparks 'When Harry Met Sally'". Chicago Tribune . Retrieved August 25, 2017.
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48. ^ Michaelsen, Shannen (January 25, 2021). "Disney+ Removes "The Aristocats", "Peter Pan", "Dumbo", and "Swiss Family Robinson" Movies From Children'due south Profiles Due to Negative Cultural Depictions". WDW News Today . Retrieved Jan 26, 2021.
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54. ^ "The Official KINGDOM HEARTS Portal Site". na.foursquare-enix.com . Retrieved January 10, 2009.
55. ^ Rich, Mark. Warman's 101 Greatest Baby Boomer Toys. kp books, 2005. p. 72.
56. ^ "Disney'due south Peter Pan JR". Music Theatre International. Archived from the original on November 16, 2018. Retrieved February ten, 2021.
57. ^ Fleming, Mike Jr. (April 13, 2016). "Disney Sets 'Pete's Dragon' Helmer David Lowery For New Alive Action Peter Pan Film". Deadline.
58. ^ ^{a b} Kroll, Justin (March 10, 2020). "Disney's Live-Activity 'Peter Pan' Picture Finds Its Wendy and Peter (EXCLUSIVE)". Diversity . Retrieved March x, 2020.
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60. ^ "Disney's 'Peter Pan' Remake Retitled 'Peter Pan and Wendy' – Eyeing To Begin Filming April 17th in Canada (EXCLUSIVE)". Discussing Film. January seven, 2020.
61. ^ D'Alessandro, Anthony (March 13, 2020). "Disney Pausing Production On Features 'Little Mermaid', 'Home Solitary', 'Nightmare Alley' & More than Until Coronavirus Calms Downward". Deadline. Archived from the original on March 13, 2020. Retrieved March 15, 2020.
62. ^ Kroll, Justin (July 7, 2020). "Jude Law to Play Captain Claw in Disney'southward Live-Action 'Peter Pan' (Sectional)". Diversity . Retrieved July 7, 2020.
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64. ^ Anderson, Jenna (July vii, 2020). "Peter Pan: Volition Smith Reportedly Passed on Helm Hook Function in Live-Activity Adaptation". Comicbook.com . Retrieved July 8, 2020.
65. ^ Kroll, Justin (September 25, 2020). "'Grown-ish' Star Yara Shahidi To Play Tinker Bong In Disney's Live-Activeness 'Peter Pan' Pic". Deadline Hollywood . Retrieved September 25, 2020.
66. ^ "Alyssa Wapanatâhk to Play Tiger Lily in 'Peter Pan & Wendy'". TheWrap. October 17, 2020. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
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68. ^ Erao, Math (March 16, 2021). "Peter Pan & Wendy Begins Production, Adds Alan Tudyk & More to Cast". Cbr.com.
69. ^ Every, Max (December x, 2020). "Footling Mermaid Cast, Plus Pinocchio & Peter Pan Films Go to Disney+". Comingsoon.internet . Retrieved December xi, 2020.
70. ^ "PETER PAN & WENDY" TO Flick IN NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR WhatsonDisneyPlus, June 30, 2021
71. ^ Peter Pan & Wendy puts N.L. on world stage, says local producer working on moving picture CBC.ca, July three, 2021
72. ^ Dela Paz, Maggie (March 16, 2021). "Disney+'due south Live-Activity Peter Pan & Wendy Film Begins Production". Comingsoon.net . Retrieved March sixteen, 2021.

Bibliography

• Barrier, Michael (2008). The Animated Human being: A Life of Walt Disney. University of California Press. ISBN978-0520256194.
• Canemaker, John (2001). Walt Disney's 9 One-time Men and the Art of Animation. Disney Editions. ISBN978-0786864966.
• Gabler, Neal (2006). Walt Disney: The Triumph of the American Imagination. Vintage Books. ISBN978-0-679-75747-iv.
• Thomas, Bob (1994) [1976]. Walt Disney: An American Original (2d ed.). Disney Editions. ISBN978-0786860272.

External links

• Official website
• Peter Pan at The Large Cartoon DataBase
• Peter Pan at IMDb
• Peter Pan at Rotten Tomatoes
• Beaumont and Kerry: Peter Pan's Leading Ladies Animated News & Views interviews
• Peter Pan on Lux Radio Theater: December 21, 1953. Starring Bobby Driscoll and Kathryn Beaumont.
• Peter Pan at Box Office Mojo

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